{"id":1873,"date":"2026-01-12T15:41:05","date_gmt":"2026-01-12T12:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1873"},"modified":"2026-01-12T15:41:05","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T12:41:05","slug":"sql-komutlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/sql-komutlari\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Komutlar\u0131: Temel Bilgiler ve Anlamlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>SQL Komutlar\u0131: Temel Bilgiler ve Anlamlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>SQL, bir veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir dildir. SQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak, ekleme, silme ve g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu makalede, temel SQL komutlar\u0131na ve anlamlar\u0131na dair bilgilere yer verilecektir.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/resources\/uploads\/editor\/f9dcc7271b84f9b40101382b9af75715.jpg\" alt=\"SQL Komutlar\u0131\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2>SQL Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>SQL (Structured Query Language), veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir dildir. SQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak, ekleme, silme ve g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. SQL, ili\u015fkisel veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemleri i\u00e7in standart bir dil olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Temel SQL Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<h3>SELECT<\/h3>\n<p>SELECT komutu, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, veritaban\u0131ndaki belirli bir tablodan belirli bir s\u00fctunu se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;ad&#8221; s\u00fctununu se\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20ad%20FROM%20musteri%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> ad <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>INSERT<\/h3>\n<p>INSERT komutu, veritaban\u0131na yeni bir kay\u0131t eklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tabloya belirli bir s\u00fctuna yeni bir kay\u0131t eklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosuna yeni bir kay\u0131t ekler:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"INSERT%20INTO%20musteri%20(ad%2C%20soyad%2C%20telefon)%20VALUES%20('Ali'%2C%20'Y%C4%B1lmaz'%2C%20'555-555-5555')%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> musteri (ad, soyad, telefon) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Ali'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Y\u0131lmaz'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'555-555-5555'<\/span>);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>UPDATE<\/h3>\n<p>UPDATE komutu, veritaban\u0131ndaki bir kayd\u0131 g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tablodaki belirli bir s\u00fctunda bulunan belirli bir kayd\u0131 g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;telefon&#8221; s\u00fctununda &#8220;Ali Y\u0131lmaz&#8221; adl\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterinin telefon numaras\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcnceller:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"UPDATE%20musteri%20SET%20telefon%20%3D%20'555-555-5556'%20WHERE%20ad%20%3D%20'Ali'%20AND%20soyad%20%3D%20'Y%C4%B1lmaz'%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">UPDATE musteri <span class=\"hljs-type\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">telefon<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'555-555-5556'<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">WHERE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">ad<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Ali'<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">AND<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-variable\">soyad<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Y\u0131lmaz'<\/span>;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>DELETE<\/h3>\n<p>DELETE komutu, veritaban\u0131ndaki bir kayd\u0131 silmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tablodan belirli bir kayd\u0131 silmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundan &#8220;Ali Y\u0131lmaz&#8221; adl\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterinin t\u00fcm kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 siler:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"DELETE%20FROM%20musteri%20WHERE%20ad%20%3D%20'Ali'%20AND%20soyad%20%3D%20'Y%C4%B1lmaz'%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DELETE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> ad = <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Ali'<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AND<\/span> soyad = <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Y\u0131lmaz'<\/span>;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Basit SQL Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<h3>DISTINCT<\/h3>\n<p>DISTINCT komutu, bir s\u00fctunda yinelenen verileri kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir s\u00fctunda yinelenen verileri bir kez g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;sehir&#8221; s\u00fctunundaki yinelenen verileri kald\u0131r\u0131r:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20DISTINCT%20sehir%20FROM%20musteri%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DISTINCT<\/span> sehir <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>WHERE<\/h3>\n<p>WHERE komutu, belirli bir ko\u015fula uyan verileri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tablodan belirli bir s\u00fctunda belirli bir ko\u015fula uyan verileri se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundan &#8220;istanbul&#8221; \u015fehrinde ya\u015fayan m\u00fc\u015fterileri se\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20*%20FROM%20musteri%20WHERE%20sehir%20%3D%20'istanbul'%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> * <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> sehir = <span class=\"hljs-string\">'istanbul'<\/span>;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>ORDER BY<\/h3>\n<p>ORDER BY komutu, belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re verileri s\u0131ralamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tablodan belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re verileri s\u0131ralamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;ad&#8221; s\u00fctununa g\u00f6re verileri alfabetik olarak s\u0131ralar:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20*%20FROM%20musteri%20ORDER%20BY%20ad%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> * <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> ad;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>SQL Sorgu Komutlar\u0131 ve Anlamlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<h3>JOIN<\/h3>\n<p>JOIN komutu, birden fazla tabloyu birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, iki veya daha fazla tabloyu belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; ve &#8220;siparis&#8221; tablolar\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;musteri_id&#8221; s\u00fctununa g\u00f6re birle\u015ftirir:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20*%20FROM%20musteri%20JOIN%20siparis%20ON%20musteri.musteri_id%20%3D%20siparis.musteri_id%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> * <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> siparis <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> musteri.musteri_id = siparis.musteri_id;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>GROUP BY<\/h3>\n<p>GROUP BY komutu, belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re verileri gruplamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, belirli bir tablodan belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re verileri gruplamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;sehir&#8221; s\u00fctununa g\u00f6re verileri gruplar:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20sehir%2C%20COUNT(*)%20FROM%20musteri%20GROUP%20BY%20sehir%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> sehir, <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">COUNT<\/span>(*) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> musteri <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span> sehir;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>HAVING<\/h3>\n<p>HAVING komutu, GROUP BY komutundan sonra belirli bir ko\u015fula uyan gruplar\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komut, GROUP BY komutundan sonra belirli bir ko\u015fula uyan gruplar\u0131 se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, &#8220;musteri&#8221; tablosundaki &#8220;sehir&#8221; s\u00fctununa g\u00f6re grupland\u0131ktan sonra en az 3 m\u00fc\u015fterisi olan \u015fehirleri se\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"copy-btn gpt-copy-btn group\" data-code=\"SELECT%20sehir%2C%20COUNT(*)%20FROM%20musteri%20GROUP%20BY%20sehir%20HAVING%20COUNT(*)%20%3E%3D%203%3B%0A\"><\/div>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> sehir, COUNT<span class=\"hljs-comment\">(*) FROM musteri GROUP BY sehir HAVING COUNT(*)<\/span> &gt;= <span class=\"hljs-number\">3<\/span><span class=\"hljs-punctuation\">;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>Bu makalede, temel SQL komutlar\u0131na ve anlamlar\u0131na dair bilgilere yer verildi. SQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak, ekleme, silme ve g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komutlar, veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemi kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>SQL nedir?<br \/>\nSQL, veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir dildir. SQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak, ekleme, silme ve g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>SQL komutlar\u0131 nelerdir?<br \/>\nSQL komutlar\u0131, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE ve DELETE gibi temel komutlar ile DISTINCT, WHERE, ORDER BY, JOIN, GROUP BY ve HAVING gibi di\u011fer komutlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n<li>SQL sorgu komutlar\u0131 nelerdir?<br \/>\nSQL sorgu komutlar\u0131, birden fazla tabloyu birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan JOIN, belirli bir s\u00fctuna g\u00f6re verileri gruplamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan GROUP BY ve belirli bir ko\u015fula uyan gruplar\u0131 se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan HAVING gibi komutlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/li>\n<li>SQL komutlar\u0131 neden \u00f6nemlidir?<br \/>\nSQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak, ekleme, silme ve g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu komutlar, veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemi kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/li>\n<li>SQL komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in neler yapabilirim?<br \/>\nSQL komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i e\u011fitimler, kitaplar ve pratik yapmak gibi kaynaklar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca, veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 kullanarak da SQL komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SQL Komutlar\u0131: Temel Bilgiler ve Anlamlar\u0131 SQL, bir veritaban\u0131 y\u00f6netim sistemi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir dildir. SQL komutlar\u0131, veritaban\u0131ndaki verileri sorgulamak,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1219,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1873"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1874,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1873\/revisions\/1874"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/markahost.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}